句容市农村居民健康素养干预效果分析

Effects of monitoring and intervention on health literacy of rural residents in Jurong City

目的:了解干预前后农村居民健康素养相关知识、理念、行为、技能的改变,评价全民健康教育对公众健康素养的影响,为探寻农村居民健康素养提高策略提供依据。方法:采用现场流行病学的方法,在基线调查的基础上,以健康知识资料入户、健康咨询巡展巡讲、媒体宣传密集覆盖等方式,开展8个月的集中干预,以及再常规性宣传干预1年后分别进行效果评价。结果:8个月集中干预后,健康知识与理念知晓率由50.71%提高到67.50%,行为形成率由51.03%提高到61.56%,基本健康技能的掌握也有了明显的提升,并在科学健康观、传染病防治、慢性病防治、基本医疗、安全急救等5方面都有提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:短期密集式的健康教育干预能有效改变农村居民健康观念、提高健康知识知晓率,但知识的巩固、行为的形成和技能的掌握都需长期坚持不懈的努力,才能促进公民健康素养的不断提高。

Objective：To understand the changes on knowledge,beliefs,behavior and skills of health literacy in rural residents after intervention and evaluate the effect of health education on public health literacy,so as to provide evidence for outlining the strategy on the improvement of rural residents＇ health literacy.Methods： Concentrated interventions have conducted for 8 months by using field epidemiological methods and baseline survey and giving material of health knowledge from house to house,health consultation tour speaking,intensive media coverage,etc.And after that intervention,regular communication interventions have also been implemented for 1 year.The effect of above mentioned two kinds of interventions were evaluated respectively through investigation.Results： The rate of awareness of health knowledge and beliefs was raised from 50.71% to 61.56%,and the rate of health behaviors was raised from 51.03% to 61.56% after the 8 month intervention.In the meantime,five aspects such as the literacy of health concept,communicable disease control,chronic disease control,basic medical and safety emergency aid were improved with meaningful statistical differences（P0.05）.Conclusion：Short-term intensive health education can effectively change the health concept and raise awareness rate of health knowledge in rural residents.However,consolidating health knowledge,forming healthy behaviors,obtaining technical skill need long-term unremitting that the citizens＇ health literacy can be improved effectively.