醋酸酯的酯化水相是否参与回流的确定

The Conclusion of Aqueous-phase of the Esterification whether Involved in Refluence

从理论上阐述以冰醋酸和醇为原料,浓H2SO4为催化剂合成醋酸酯的生产工艺,为提高酯的产率,通过比较酯化反应生成的水含量与产品酯、水形成的二元共沸混合物中的水含量的大小来确定酯化塔顶的水相是否参与回流。实际生产中验证这一确定方法是可行的,并得出结论:对于酯化合成法生产醋酸酯系列产品,分子量低于醋酸乙酯(包括醋酸乙醋)的酯,即分子量较小的酯,其酯化塔顶水相不参与回流;分子量大于或等于醋酸丙酯的酯,即分子量较大的酯,其酯化塔顶水相需要部分参与回流。

Theoretically,glacial acetic acid and alcohol are reacted,H2SO4 as catalyst,to form acetic ester.In order to improve the yield of esters,the author analyzes the water content from esterification reaction and the water content of binary boiling mixture which formed by ester and water.This determination method was proved to be feasible in production.When the molecular weight of esters is lower than the ethyl acetate（including ethyl acetate）,the overhead aqueous-phase is not involved in the refluence.When the molecular weight of esters is greater than or equal to propylacetate,the overhead aqueous-phase is partly involved in the refluence.