种植不同植物的人工湿地土壤微生物群落研究

Study on the Soil Microbial Diversity in the Running Constructed Wetland Cultivated with Four Plants

为了解人工湿地中植物对土壤微生物的影响,对种植美人蕉、香蒲、芦苇和旱伞草4种植物的人工湿地中土壤微生物群落进行了研究分析。研究结果显示：正在运行的人工湿地系统中,在15~25 cm深度,人工湿地土壤微生物群落的功能多样性无显著性差异（P〉0.05）,16SrDNA的PCR-DGGE图谱显示微生物群落相似性高于70%;在40~50 cm深度,土壤微生物多样性显著低于15~25 cm深度土壤,种植不同植物的湿地土壤微生物群落存在明显差异,芦苇和旱伞草湿地的土壤微生物多样性显著高于美人蕉和香蒲。研究结果表明：在人工湿地中植物根系对土壤微生物群落存在着一定影响,但不起决定作用,植物根系对微生物在土壤中的纵向分布存在较大影响。

The microbial community was studied in the artificially constructed running wetland using four plants including Canna indica L.,Typha orientalis Presl.,Phragmites communisand Cyperus alternifolius in order to investigate the influence of the plants on the soil microbial community.The result indicated that,in the 15~25cm deep soil,the microbial functional diversity and community structure showed no significant difference（P0.05） among the running constructed wetlands cultivated with the four different plants.The PCR-DGGE Profile of 16SrDNA displayed 70 percent of similarity in the microbial functional diversity and community structure.However,the microbial diversities in 40~50 cm deep soil was significantly lower than those in the 15~25 cm deep soil（P0.05）.Significant difference in the microbial diversity was also found in the wetland cultivated with different plants and it was obvious that the microbial diversity in the wetland of Phragmites communis and cyperus alternifolius was significantly higher than that in the wetland of Canna indica L.and Typha orientalis Presl.It can be concluded from these results that plant root exhibted certain effect on the microbial diversity though its role was not dominant.However,the plant root system possessed notable influence on the vertical distribution of the microbial community.