鲜食型糯玉米果穗性状配合力及遗传效应研究

Study of Combining Ability and Genetic Effects of Ear Characters in Fresh-Eatable Waxy Corn

以8个自选糯玉米Zea mays L.var.ceratina Kuiesh自交系为亲本,按Griffing不完全双列杂交方法Ⅱ配制组合,分析了果穗性状的配合力及遗传效应.结果表明:自交系W7、W23、W27果穗主要性状的一般配合力效应值均为较大正值,均表现突出,具有较大的利用潜力;同一性状不同材料间、同一材料不同性状间其配合力效应表现复杂,存在效应大小和作用方向的差异;6个性状广义遗传力大小依次为:百粒质量>穗长>鲜穗质量>行粒数>穗行数>穗粗,狭义遗传力大小为:穗长>鲜穗质量>穗行数>行粒数>百粒质量>穗粗;鲜穗质量、穗长遗传以加性基因效应为主;穗行数、行粒数、穗粗和百粒质量主要受非加性基因控制.

According to the griffing diallel method II,8 inbred waxy corn lines were used to parents to produce hybrid combinations.Combining ability and gene effect of main ear characters in waxy corn were studied.The results showed that the general combining ability value in main traits of W7,W23,W27 was positive value and they had high utilization potential,the effects of combining ability among different inbred lines with the same ear characters and the same inbred line with different characters were different.The order of the generalized heritability of 6 traits was as following： hundred kernel mass ear length fresh ear mass kernels per row rows per ear ear diameter and the narrow heritability,ear length fresh ear mass rows per ear kernels per row hundred kernel mass ear diameter.The inheritance of fresh mass and ear length were mainly controlled by additive genes,and rows per ear,kernels per row,ear diameter and hundred kernel mass,by non-additive genes.