论商业银行破产的若干法律问题

Comment On Legal Issues of Commercial Bank Insolvency

商业银行破产时,破产标准应是以监管性标准为主,兼有流动性标准的综合标准。监管部门和债务人为申请人,且监管部门有破产标准的裁量权和破产申请的同意权。在重整和清算程序中,破产管理人应分别选任,由金融监管部门与市场专业化人士按不同比例担任。存款债权人的合法地位应被确认,存款债权的申报应通过改进银行业务办理手续事先取得多数存款人同意采取公示和通知结合的方式。存款债权清偿顺序的处理是设定破产财产清偿顺序的关键。

When commercial banks become insolvent,insolvency standards should be comprehensive,which is mainly based on regulatory standard and includes liquidity standard.Regulatory authorities and the debtors can be the applicants,and regulatory authorities have power to decide insolvency standards and approve applications.In the reorganization and liquidation proceedings,the insolvency administrators should be elected respectively and acted by financial regulators and professional persons in the market.The legal status of deposit creditors should be recognized and the declaration of deposit claims should take the way by combining publicity with notification,through improving the banking formalities to get consents of the majority of deposits beforehand.Correctly handling the liquidation order of deposit claims is the key to setting the liquidation order of insolvent properties.