基本药物制度改革前后乡镇卫生院药品价格比较——基于安徽省三县的抽样调查

Comparative analysis on the drug price of township health center before and after the essential medicines system reform: Based on the sample survey of three counties in Anhui province

目的:分析基本药物制度改革前后药品价格变化情况。资料与方法:资料主要来源于对安徽省3个县6所乡镇卫生院的抽样调查,利用描述性方法和秩和检验方法对数据进行分析和统计学检验。结果:基本药物制度改革以后,药品采购价格和零售价格的下降比例分别为63.64%和86.36%;药品类型、生产厂商类型对采购价格是否下降有显著性影响,经济发展水平、药品类型、生产厂商类型、采购价格对基本药物零售价格是否下降有显著影响。结论:全省统一招标采购之后大部分药品的采购价格有所下降,同时由于实行零差率销售,绝大部分药品的零售价格大幅下降;要客观看待基本药物价格的变化,不能简单地用药品价格下降比例或幅度来评价基本药物制度改革的成效;价格虚高的药品应该进一步降价,但低价药不能一降再降,否则会影响基本药物的生产和供应。

Objective： To analyze the differences of drug price before and after the essential medicines system reform.Methods： A sample survey of three counties in Anhui province was used for data collection;descriptive analysis and one-way analysis of variance were carried out for different aims of data analysis.Results： The decrease rate of purchasing price and retail price were 63.64% and 86.36% respectively.The statistically significant factors to whether or not reducing purchasing price are drug type and the same drug enterprise.In addition,economic development level,drug type,the same drug enterprise,and purchasing price are the factors to whether or not reducing retail price.Conclusions： The purchasing price of most drugs decreased after the central bid procurement in Anhui province,meanwhile the retail price was reduced to a large extend as a result of the zero markup rate sale of drug.Whether the essential medicines system reform was successful was not determined by the price decrease of drug.The inflated price of some drugs should be reduced further but at the same time with regard to those low-price drugs,the price of them should not be further reduced any more.Otherwise the production and supply of those drug would be harmed.