武汉市2009年居民恶性肿瘤死亡状况及疾病负担

Study on the Epidemiology Distribution and Diseases Burden of Malignant Tumor Death Among Wuhan Residents in 2009

[目的]探讨武汉市2009年恶性肿瘤死亡的流行特征和疾病负担,为制定预防控制策略和措施提供参考依据。[方法]采用死亡率、潜在寿命损失年、减寿率等指标对武汉市2009年死因监测资料恶性肿瘤死亡数据进行分析。[结果]2009年武汉市恶性肿瘤的粗死亡率为153.61/10万,标化率为80.93/10万。肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、大肠癌和食管癌是恶性肿瘤死因的前5位,0～14岁人群死亡率最高的癌种为白血病,15～44岁人群为肝癌,45～59岁和60岁以上人群为肺癌。恶性肿瘤死亡的YPLL为96105年,在全死因YPLL构成中高于伤害、心脑血管疾病居第1位(31.47%),减寿率为13.42‰,标化减寿率排在前5位的依次为肝癌、肺癌、胃癌、白血病和脑及中枢神经系统肿瘤。恶性肿瘤的标化减寿率比较,农村(9.60‰)高于城市(8.15‰),男性(10.58‰)高于女性(6.65‰)。[结论]恶性肿瘤是导致"早死"和寿命损失的重要疾病负担,武汉市居民寿命损失的模式有明显的城乡和性别差异,有针对性地对重点人群开展科学防治,是降低人群健康和寿命损失的有效途径。

[Purpose] To investigate the epidemiological distribution and diseases burden of malignant tumor among Wuhan residents in 2009,and to provide a scientific evidences for prevention and control of malignant tumor.[Methods] The mortality,years of potential life lost （YPLL） and years of potential life lost rate （YPLLR） were calculated by collecting malignant tumor death data from the death registry system in Wuhan City in 2009.[Results] The gross mortality of malignant tumor was 153.61 per 100 000,and standardized mortality was 80.93 per 100 000.The top five death causes of malignant tumor death were lung cancer,liver cancer,stomach cancer,colorectal cancer and gastric cancer.Leukemia was the highest mortality of malignant tumor death among the population from 0 to 14 years old,and liver cancer was the highest mortality from 15 to 44 years old,and lung cancer was the highest mortality of malignant tumor death among the population from 45 to 59 years old and more than 60 years old.YPLL in malignant tumor were 96 105 years,which were higher than injury and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and ranked the first （31.47%） among total death.The YPLLR was 13.42‰,and the sequence of leading malignant tumors in standardized years of potential life lost rate （SYPLLR） were liver cancer,lung cancer,stomach cancer,leukemia and malignant neoplasms of brain and central nervous system.The SYPLLR in rural （9.60‰） was higher than that in urban （8.15‰）,and that in male （10.58‰） was higher than that in female （6.65‰）.[Conclusion] Malignant tumor is the important disease burden leading to premature death and life losses.There is a notable difference in terms of the mode of life lost between urban and rural,male and female among Wuhan residents.A pointed scientific control strategies directed towards the focus population is the efficient path to reduce the losses of health and life-span.