妇女参政的强关系支持系统探析——以社会资本理论为分析视角

Analysis on Strong Tie Supporting System of Womens Political Participation

妇女参政理论是马克思主义妇女观的重要内容之一,妇女参政是男女平等理论的基本内容。随着改革开放的深入和社会转型,妇女参政出现比例下滑,女性执政比例总体停滞不前,所以,妇女参政问题成为政治学、社会学和女性学的重要研究课题。本文的目的是展示参政妇女的非正式支持系统对妇女参政的影响,认为参政妇女的非正式支持系统主要由家庭、亲属关系和其他社会关系网络构成。个体社会网络规模越大,异质性越强,网络成员的社会地位越高,个体从社会网络摄取的资源越多,其社会资本也越丰富。亲属关系作为一种强关系,不仅可以为女性提供物质上、工具性的帮助,还可以为参政妇女建立社会关系,获取更好的政治社会资本。朋友的支持功能主要表现在情感支持、提供信息和指导等方面。

Women＇s political participation theory is one important part of women concept in Maxism, and it is the basic content of the theory of gender equality and gender equality is our basic national policy. With the deepening of Reform and Opening up as well as the restructuring of society, there is a decline in the proportion of women ＇s participation in politics, hence the overall ratio of female who are in power has become stagnant. The issue of women＇s political participation has become the important focus of political science, sociology and femaleology. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the impact of informal support systems on the political participation of women, which is mainly from family, relatives and other social relationship. The larger social networks of individuals are the stronger the heterogeneity is, the higher the social status of members of the network are, the more resources the individual takes in from social networks , so the richer its social capital is. As a strong tie, kinship not only provides women with the material and instrumental help, women＇s political participation can also build social relationships, for better political and social capital. Friends support is mainly in the form of the emotional support, information and guidance.