论德日刑法的犯罪支配理论与共谋共同正犯

On the Theory of Dominant Crime and Crime-shared Accessory in Germany and Japan Criminal Law

正犯与共犯如何区分是长期困扰欧陆法系刑法的一个理论难题,而犯罪支配理论则是欧陆刑法中区分正犯和共犯的重要学说之一。犯罪支配理论认为正犯指对于整个犯罪过程,具有操纵性犯罪支配地位的人,而共犯只是整个犯罪过程中的边缘角色,不具有犯罪支配地位。源起于德国的犯罪支配理论不仅能够有效区分正犯和从犯,也能对在日本风行一时的共谋共同正犯提供理论依据,从而深化欧陆刑法共同犯罪理论研究,以便更好满足刑事司法实践之要求。

How to make out the crime and accomplice is a difficult problem in theory of European criminal law, and theory of crime dominant is important doctrines to distinguish the crime and accomplice in the European criminal law. In the theory of dominant crime, crime controls means for the entire process with the maneuverability of crime dominance, and complicity is just the edge role throughout the criminal process. The theory of dominant crime coming from Germany not only is able to effectively distinguish the crime and accomplice, but provides basis theory to the popular Crime - shared Accessory as well as in Japan, which can deepen the European criminal law theory of common crimes, and meet the requirements of criminal justice practices.