健康信念模式干预对髋关节置换术后早期康复训练患者依从性的影响

Influence of health belief model on compliance of early rehabilitative exerdses after hip replacement

目的探讨健康信念模式（HRM）干预对髋关节置换术后早期康复训练患者的影响。方法选取我院骨科病区100例髋关节置换术后患者，随机分为实验组和对照组各50例。两组患者均按医嘱进行术后早期康复训练。对照组只接受护士提供骨科病区的常规护理和健康指导。实验组除接受护士常规护理和健康指导，还运用健康信念模式（HBM）进行干预。观察比较两组患者对术后早期康复训练的依从性、康复锻炼疼痛程度、髋关节功能、护理满意度，并应用Zung焦虑自评量表测量患者焦虑程度。结果两组患者在术后早期康复训练依从性，术后髋关节功能改善，后期（术后第10天）康复锻炼疼痛程度，术后患者焦虑状态改善，患者对护理的满意度方面比较，差异均有统计学意义（x。分别为13．75，25．25；f分别为11．28，-3．33，-9．95；P〈0．05）。结论HBM干预可提高髋关节置换术后患者早期功能锻炼依从性，有利于患者的早期康复，并提高患者对护理服务的满意度。

Objective To investigate the influence of health belief model on the compliance of early stage rehabilitative exercises after hip replacement. Methods 100 patients who underwent hip replacement at Orthopedics Division of our hospital were randomly divided into two groups： test group （ n = 50） and control group （n =50）. Both groups undertook early rehabilitative exercises as directed by doctors. The control group was only given routine nursing and health instruction, while the test group, besides the routine nursing and health instruction, received health belief model intervention. The compliance of rehabilitative exercises, pain intensity during the exercises, the function of hip joint and nursing satisfaction in both groups were compared, and their anxiety scale was measured with Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale. Results Compared with the control group, the eompllanee of rehabilitative exercises, the function of hip joint, and anxiety status were markedly improved, the pain during exercises was obviously relieved, and the nursing satisfaction increased in the test group（x2 = 13.75,25.25;t = 11.28, - 3.33, -9. 95;P 〈0. 05）. Conclusions Health belief model could improve patients＇ compliance of early rehabilitative exercises, facilitate their early recovery, and raise their nursing satisfaction.