预防误吸的鼻饲流程在住院老年患者中的应用效果

Effect of nasal feeding management procedure for prevention from inhaling by mistake in inpatient senile patients

目的探讨预防误吸的鼻饲流程在住院老年患者中的应用效果，以加强对长期留置胃管及鼻饲的管理。方法对老年病房20个病区200例住院老年患者实施预防误吸的鼻饲管理流程，包括高危误吸评估、高危误吸标识醒目、对高危误吸患者采取有效预防措施、加强对患者及家属的健康教育、制订住院患者应急预案等。结果实施预防误吸的鼻饲管理流程后住院患者误吸发生率由12．10％下降至9．60％，差异有统计学意义（χ^2=596．61，P〈0．05）。患者满意度评分由（85．7±1．27）升至（93．2±2．86）分（t=6．870，P〈0．01），护理服务质量显著提高。结论预防误吸的鼻饲流程可以有效地降低住院患者吸入性肺炎相关因素的发生，保证患者鼻饲安全。

Objective To investigate the clinical application of nasal feeding management procedure for prevention inhaling by mistake in senile patients and to strengthen the management of indwelling gastric tube and nasal feeding. Methods The nasal feeding management procedures for prevention inhaling by mistake were applied in two hundred inpatient senile patients in 20 wards, including assessment, eye-catching sign, preventive measures taken for patients with high risk of inhaling by mistake, strengthening the health education for the patients and their family, formulating the programs for emergency situations. Results The incidence rate of inhaling by mistake decreased from 12.10% to 9.60% in the patients who received nasal feeding management proeedure（χ^2 =596.61 ,P 〈0. 05）. Patients＇ satisfaction score increased from （85.7 ± 1.27） to （93.2 ± 2.86）（t=6. 870,P 〈0. 01 ）. The nursing quality increased remarkablely. Conclusions The nasal feeding management procedures for prevention inhaling by mistake can effectively prevent the related factors of inhaling and ensure the safety of nasal feeding.