铝合金表面电解刻蚀图纹化过程与机制

Process and mechanism of formed pattern graining by electrolytic etching on surface of aluminum alloy

通过电解刻蚀在铝合金表面形成图纹， 然后再阳极氧化、电解着色， 可使铝合金具有多彩的装饰性。电解刻蚀液由形成阻挡层的物质和具有溶解（ 刻蚀） 作用的物质组成。电解刻蚀图纹的形成与电极表面析出的氢气有直接关系， 氢气泡尺寸越大， 在电极表面滞留的时间越长， 则图纹的刻痕越深、越宽。图纹处氧化膜的孔径、孔密度和厚度较大， 电解着色时可沉积较大量的金属， 呈现出较深的颜色， 从而使铝合金表面具有对比鲜明的彩色图案外观。

Aluminum alloy can be colorfully decorated by electrolytic etched pattern graining following anodic oxidization and electrolytic coloring. Pattern graining formed during electrolytic etching is affected by produced hydrogen in electrolytic process. While the size of hydrogen bubbles increased, ditches becomes deeper and wider. XRD and XPS analysis show that oxide film in the type of α Al 2O 3 and γ Al 2O 3 is formed on the ditches in pattern graining surface. After further anodic oxidization, pore density and size of porous anodic oxide film on the ditches are larger than other surface, which makes it possible to deposit more metal during electrolytic coloring and makes aluminum alloy show a colorful appearance.