慢性心力衰竭患者负性情绪及应对方式调查与护理干预

Investigation on the negative emotion and coping mode among patients with chronic heart failure and relative nursing intervention

目的探讨慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪及采取的应对方式，以指导护理干预，提高患者生活质量。方法选用焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS），并应用医学应对方式问卷（MCMQ）对120例慢性心力衰竭的患者进行调查分析。结果本组患者SAS评分高于与国内常模，差异有统计学意义[（40．72±10．77）比（29．78±10．07）分，t=11．127，P〈0．01]，SDS评分明显高于常模，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。本组慢性心力衰竭患者应对方式得分与全国常模比较，面对得分明显低于常模，差异有统计学意义[（16．08±3．88）比（19．48±3．81）分，t=2．046，P〈0．05]；回避、屈服得分明显高于常模，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论CHF患者大多伴有焦虑、抑郁情绪，且应对方式不良。帮助他们克服负性情绪，改变应对方式，可以延长患者生命并提高其生活质量。

Objective To discuss the coping modes for patients with chronic heart failure （CHF） dealing with their anxiety and depression; and to explore the possible way to guide effective nursing intervention aimed to reduce the patients＇ hospitalization rate and the length of hospitalization and to improve the quality of life for patients. Methods 120 patients with CHF were investigated by self-rating anxiety scale （ SAS）, self- rating depression scale and medical coping modes questionnaire （MCMQ）. Results The score of patients with CHF in SAS was higher than norm model [ （ 19.48 ± 3.81 ） vs （29.78 ± 10.07）, t = 11. 127, P 〈0. 01 ] and the SDS was also higher than normal model （P 〈 0. 01 ）. The ＂facing＂ score of patients with CHF in MCMQ was statistically lower than that of normal model in China[ （ 16.08 ± 3.88 ） vs （ 19.48± 3.81 ）, t = 2. 046, P 〈 0. 05 ] ; Both of the scores on ＂avoidance＂ and ＂surrender＂ were statistically higher than those of normal model （ P 〈0.05 or P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions Most patients with CHF had the problems involving anxiety, depression and ineffective coping mode; patients＇ quality of life could be improved when their negative emotion released and their coping mode improved.