裹包青贮技术在产奶牛用全混合日粮贮存中的应用研究

Study of Baling Storage Technology in Storage of Milk Cow's Total Mixed Ration

为使中小奶牛养殖场和奶牛养殖小区的奶牛养殖户用上营养平衡的全混合日粮(TMR),研究利用拉伸膜包裹TMR饲料成品后贮存的效果。该研究对高产奶牛和中产奶牛用两种TMR进行裹包贮存,并于0d、3d、7d、15d、30d和60d分别取样进行裹包贮存外观评定、感官评定及营养物质含量和发酵指标的测定。试验结果表明,两种TMR裹包贮存后外观质量和感官质量良好;随贮存时间的延长,干物质含量有所降低,而粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗灰分等营养指标有所增加;随贮存时间的延长裹包TMR的pH值显著降低(P<0.05),氨态氮含量显著上升(P<0.05)。综合外观和感官评定及各项营养指标、发酵指标的变化,TMR裹包贮存技术可以为TMR饲喂技术在中小奶牛养殖场和奶牛养殖小区中应用提供技术支持。

In order to make total mixed ration （TMR） used in small-scale and dairy cattle raising areas, research was conducted to study the storage effects of TMR after baling. Fresh TMR of High-milk cows and Middle-milk cows were wrapped and baled using stretch film. After 0, 3, 7, 15, 30 and 60 days of storage, appearance and sensory evaluation were carried out, and nutrient contents and fermentation qualities were determined. The results showed that the appearance and sensory characters were well kept during 60 days of storage. Along with the storage time, the dry matter losses during storage, and the nutrient contents of crude-protein, crude-fat, crude- fiber, crude-ash were increased compared with fresh TMR during storage. The pH value of baled TMR was decreased significantly （P〈0.05） along with the proceeding of storage. The NH3-N content of TMR was increased significantly（P〈0.05） during storage. These results indicated that baling technology can be used to achieve the effective storage of TMR. TMR diets can be used in the small-scale and dairy cattle raising areas.