医务工作者职业幸福感量表编制及信度和效度分析

Formation and analysis of reliability and validity of the occupational well-being scale for medical workers

目的 编制适合测量医务工作者职业幸福感的量表,并检验其信度和效度.方法 编制医务工作者职业幸福感量表,采用变异度法、t检验法、相关系数法、因子分析法、逐步回归分析法进行条目筛选,并经过反复修订,用其对176名医务工作者进行测量,评价其信度和效度.结果 量表共24＋1个条目,平均分数为68.69±17.33,其中涉及身心健康状况6项,平均分数为14.20±5.31,价值/能力体现有关指标6项,平均分数为19.05±6.27,与社会支持有关的指标5项,平均分数为20.30±3.32,与经济收入有关3项,平均分数为5.49±3.50,与工作环境有关的有4项,平均分数为9 66±4.26;量表5个维度及总分的重测相关系数分别为0.94、0.98、0.96、0.94、0.95、0.96,各个维度及总分的一致性信度Cronbach α系数为0.90、0.88、0.84、0.97、0.86、0.93,各个维度及总分的分半信度为0.85、0.84、0.80、0.81、0.85、0 90;准则关联效度较好（r=0.820,P=0.000）;因子分析结果显示5个因子能够解释75.04%的变异,各条目在相应因子上的负荷都在0.4以上,量表具有较好的结构效度.结论 医务工作者职业幸福感量表具有较好的信度和效度,可以作为测量医务工作者职业幸福感的工具.

Objective To make the occupational Well-being scale for medical workers and test the reliability and validity of it. Methods Developed the occupational well-being scale for medical workers and revised it. Variance method, t-test, correlation coefficient, factor analysis and stepwise regression were applied in modifying the primary scale. The reliability and validity of the scale were evaluated based on randomly chosen 176 medical workers. Results There were 24＋1 items in the scale with the mean score 68.69±17.33. The scale included five aspects. There were six items in physical and psychological health factor with the mean score 14.20±5.31. There were six items in value or ability factor with the mean score 19.05±6.27. There were five items in social support factor with the mean score 20.30±3.32. Income factor included three items with the mean score 5.49 ±3.50. There were four items in working environment factor with the mean score 9.66±4.26. The test-retest reliability of five factors and total were 0. 94 ,0. 98 ,0. 96,0. 94 ,0. 95 and 0.96. Cronbach a coefficient of five factors and total were 0.90,0.88, 0. 84 , 0. 97 , 0. 86 , 0. 93 . Split-half reliability coefficient of five factors and total were 0. 85 ,0. 84,0. 80,0. 81,0. 85 ,0. 90. The criterion validity of the scale was good （r= 0. 820 ,P= 0.000 ）. The result of factor analysis showed that 75.04% variance can be explained by five factors and the factor loading of every items was greater than 0.4. It showed the scale had good structural validi ty. Conclusion The scale for medical workers＇ occupational Well-being has good reliability and validity, and can be the measurement of the well-being of medical workers.