社会支持因素与维持性血液透析患者生存质量关系的研究

Study of relationship between social support factors and quality of life of patients with maintenance hemodialysis

目的 探讨社会支持因素与维持性血液透析患者生存质量之间的关系,为临床治疗提供理论依据,提高维持性血液透析患者远期生存质量.方法 采用世界卫生组织生存质量测定简表（WHO2QOL-BREF）和社会支持评定量表对98例规律性血液透析患者生存质量、社会支持及其两者相关性进行评定分析并与健康对照组进行比较.结果 血透患者生理领域、心理领域、社会关系领域、环境领域以及总生活质量与对照组比较差别均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）.血透组与对照组社会支持水平的比较：血透组与对照组的支持利用度、以及支持总分差别均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,血透组低于对照组;两组客观支持、主观支持差别无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.血透组社会支持与生存质量的相关性分析,血透患者社会支持与其生存质量存在明显正相关（r=0.61,P〈0.01）,主观支持与生存质量的各方面均存在明显正相关（P〈0.05）,而客观支持及社会支持利用度仅与部分方面相关（P〈0.05）.结论 社会支持水平与维持性血液透析患者的生存质量明显相关,良好的社会支持可以提高血液透析患者的生存质量.

Objective To explore the relationship between social support factors and quality of life of patients with maintenance hemodialysis to provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment and improve the quality of life of long-term hemodialysis patients. Methods With the World Health Organization quality of life summary table （WHO2QOL-BREF） and social support rating scale to evaluate and analyze the quality of life, social support and the correlation of the former two factors of 98 regular hemodialysis patients, and compare them with healthy control group. Results The physical, psychological, social, and environmental areas and the total quality of life of hemodialysis patients were significantly different compared with the control group （ P〈 0. 01 ）. The level of social support, the availability of support, and the support scores were significantly different between hemodialysis group and the control group （ P〈0. 01 ）, and the hemodialysis group is inferior to the control group. There were no significant difference between the objective support and subjective support （P〉0. 05 ）. In hemodialysis group with the correlation analysis of social support and quality of life, there was a positive correlation （ r= 0. 61, P〈0. 01 ） of social support and quality of life of HD patients, and there was significant positive correlation （P〈0.05） of subjective support and all aspects of quality of life, while the objective support and social support utilization were only associated with some aspects （P〈0. 05 ）. Conclusion The level of social support in maintenance hemodialysis patients is significantly related to quality of life and good social support for hemodialysis patients can improve their quality of life.