关于黑龙江省朝鲜族留守儿童现状的调查与思考

Investigation and Thinking on Current Situations of Left-behind Korean Children in Heilongjiang

朝鲜族是黑龙江省的世居民族。随着改革开放和城市化进程的日益加快,朝鲜族的人口流动越来越频繁,随之大量出现留守家庭及留守儿童现象。通过黑龙江省牡丹江地区和哈尔滨地区16所朝鲜族中小学的实地调查表明,留守儿童现象已成为朝鲜族社会发展和文化变迁中不可回避的现实问题,而产生的原因主要为父母在外打工和传统家庭观念的改变等两个方面。因此,从学校层面要建立多渠道、多方位的留守儿童关爱教育体系,积极发挥学校教育的主导作用;从家庭层面要树立正确的家庭教育理念,注重父母和家庭成员的言传身教、严爱相济;从社会层面要积极整合各界力量和资源,为留守儿童提供更为人性化的关心和帮助。只有学校、家庭、社会三方面的密切合作,才能尽量减少留守儿童的数量,进一步推进朝鲜族基础教育的特色化办学途径,使学校教育真正成为承继民族传统文化的重要阵地。

The Koreans is a native nationality in Heilongjiang.With the ever-increasing urbanization and opening up,the Koreans＇ migration is more frequent and then left-behind families and children emerge.Through the investigation of 16 Korean elementary and secondary schools in Harbin and Mudanjiang,the phenomenon of left-behind children has become an unavoidable issue during social progress and cultural changes of the Koreans,which is caused by parents＇ outside working and traditional family concept.Therefore,schools should build an educational system for these children in various channels and layers to bring into full play their leading roles;families should set a correct education concept,emphasizing ＂parenting by example＂ and applying ＂applying the carrot and stick judiciously＂;all circles of the society should integrate their resources and advantages to provide more care and help.Only through the efforts from the three parts could the number of left-behind children be decreased.Extending the featured ways of running schools for Korean basic education makes school education become a powerful inheritance of national and cultural heritage.