农村育龄妇女孕前保健服务利用影响因素分析

Pre-pregnant health care utilization and its determinants among rural women of child-bearing age

目的调查农村育龄妇女孕前保健服务利用现状及影响因素,为进一步完善农村孕前保健实施策略提供依据。方法采用分层抽样方法,选取1 227名农村育龄妇女为研究对象,采用自制问卷进行入户调查获取孕前保健服务利用相关情况。结果孕前保健服务利用率为37.5%;妇科检查、白带常规、血型、血常规、B超、TORCH感染监测、输血前3项、染色体监测等检查项目利用率分别为36.6%、35.4%、30.1%、31.5%、28.4%、24.0%、19.2%、1.2%;多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、经济收入、医疗保障状况、就医便利程度、孕前保健意识、孕前保健知识及知识获取途经对孕前保健服务利用率有明显影响(P<0.05)。结论农村孕前保健服务利用率较低;人口学因素、孕前保健意识及认知因素、孕前保健宣传途径是农村育龄妇女利用孕前保健服务的重要影响因素。

Objective To explore the utilization of pre-pregnant health care and its determinants among rural women of child-bearing age.Methods With multiple stage sampling method,1 227 rural women of child-bearing age were selected and surveyed to collect information about utilization of pre-pregnant health care.Results The proportion of the women who utilized pre-pregnant health care was 37.5%.The utilizing proportion of gynecological examination,leucorrhea check,blood type check,blood routine examination,ultrasound check,pathogen check includling Toxoplasma gondii,rebella virus,cytomegalovirus,and herpes simplex virus,maternal and child transmitted diseases check（hepatitis,syphilis,AIDs）,and chromosome check was 36.6%,35.4%,30.1%,31.5%,28.4%,24.0%,19.2%,and 1.2%,respectively.The results of logistic regression showed that the utilization of pre-pregnant health care was significantly affected by age,income,medical insurance,availability of medical service,cognition of pre-pregnant health care,and knowledge and acquirability of pre-pregnant health care among the women（P0.05）.Conclusion The rate of utilizing pre-pregnant health care among rural women of child-bearing age is low.Demographic factors,knowlegde,cognition and acquirability of pre-pregnant health-care are determinants of pre-pregnant health care utilization among the women.