湘军名将刘长佑练兵的思想教育

Ideological Education on Liu Changyou's Troop Training

思想教育和军事训练相结合,是湘军的一大特点,刘长佑把它带到他所创建的晚清练军之中。刘长佑特别重视士兵的思想教育,在《训兵六则》中提出了"忠爱"、"敢战"、"守法"、"勤习"、"敦睦"、"信义"等思想教育的内容。他用"以情感人"的方法使刀光剑影的军营融入伦理人情;他还借历史人物的榜样力量来激励士卒;他提高饷银,把物质激励和精神鼓舞相结合;他的练兵目标在于建立一支忠君爱国、作战勇敢、纪律严明、指挥灵便的军队。

Liu Changyou is a famous general for Xiang-Army,who established Lian-Army in the Late Qing Dynasty and emphasized on the content of ideological education,for example,＂loyal love＂,＂not daring to fight＂,＂law-abiding＂,＂hard work＂,＂harmony＂ and＂honesty＂.The first four,respectively,are requirements to soldiers for ideological and political education,acts of battles,aiming at founding the army which is loyal to the emperor and patriotic to the country,fighting bravely,well disciplined,and commanded flexibly. He established the army which is full of harmonious interpersonal relationships and has good environment for ideological and political education by the way that he taught soldiers by emotions. Besides,he encouraged the soldiers by setting the good examples of historical heroes. Furthermore,he knew that it is important to combine the material and spiritual motivation for soldiers,so he improved the salaries for soldiers. Undoubtedly,his ideas and methods for training the army,are still of important significance today.