“丧家狗”:孔子忧患观的一个向度

"Stray Dog":One Orientation of Confucius's Adversity Awareness

在司马迁的眼中,孔子的地位很高。但司马迁为什么又会通过孔子之口赋予这位先师"丧家狗"的称号呢?如果抛开那种以为一目了然的想法,就会发现其中大有深意。"累累若丧家之狗"中的"累累"二字昭示了孔子济世的迫切,而这种迫切来自于"岁不我与"的时间意识。正是得于这种由"忧道"而来的"忧死",由"忧死"而来的"忧时",我们就可以理解为什么孔子具有那么强烈的用世之心。

Confucius＇s position was very high to the eyes of Si Maqian. But why did he give this ancient master the name of ＂stray dog＂ by the mouth of Confucius？ If we get rid of some ideas we had thought as obvious ones, it is easy to find out there is the profound meaning in this title. The ＂wretched＂ in the ＂wretched as a stray cur＂ shows the eagerness of Confucius to save the world. This eagerness came from his time consciousness of ＂time waits for no man＂. Therefore, it is this ＂death awareness＂ from ＂world awareness＂, and the ＂ time awareness＂ from ＂death awareness＂ that make us understand why Confucius have so strong consciousness to save the world.