新疆阿勒泰地区近50年来极端气温与降水变化

Changes of extreme temperature and precipitation in Altay Region,Xinjiang in recent 50 years

利用新疆阿勒泰地区六个气象代表站点1961～2008年的观测资料,研究了近50年来阿勒泰地区的极端气温与极端降水量的变化。结果表明:阿勒泰地区近50年以来极端最高与最低气温、月与年最大日降水量、年降水强度、冬与夏季降水强度及大雨和暴雨和热月都呈上升的趋势,冷月呈下降的趋势。其中平均极端最低气温60年代最低,80年代开始上升,近10年(1999～2008年)较60年代上升了3.34℃。大雨和暴雨月集中出现在最近10年。冬季降水强度的上升较明显,降水日数60年代最少,近10年(1999～2008年)间的最多。气温和降水量都呈现出明显的年代际阶梯型增长趋势。这说明极端气温和极端降水量的上升对年均气温和年均降水量的上升贡献较大,同样可以证明气候趋于极端化。

In order to demonstrate the environmental effect in Altay Region of Xinjiang from 1961 to 2008,using the data of temperature and precipitation at six representative meteorological stations in Altay Region from 1961 to 2008,we studied the extreme temperature and precipitation of Altay Region in recent 50 years.The results showed that the extreme high and low annual temperature,the heat months,daily maximum precipitation,annual precipitation intensity,precipitation intensity of winter and summer,monthly heavy rain and storms of Altay Region showed increase trends in recent 50 years.The cold months of Altay Region have been in an decreasing trend in recent 50 years.The extreme low annual temperature of resent 10 years was 3.34℃ higher than 1960′s,and the 1960′s was the coldest period with extreme low temperature.The heatest and coldest months were happened in the recent 10 years.The increasing trend of precipitation intensity in winter was much higher than in summer.This showed more climate extremes in recent 50 years in Altay Region.