锡林郭勒盟不同草原地带湖泊环境变化规律研究

Lake environment changes of different grassland regions in Xilinguole

利用锡林郭勒草原2006年TM遥感影像数据,结合野外调查,在ArcGIS软件的支持下,将研究区面积大于5km2的湖泊-湿地复合体划分为湖泊、沼泽水体、裸地、裸滩与盐化地、湖滩湿地、典型湿地、地带性草原7种土地利用/覆盖类型,揭示不同草原地带湖泊-湿地复合体的结构变化规律。结果表明:在整个锡林郭勒草原范围内,湖泊相对集中的分布在典型草原区,其中,湖泊-湿地复合体中的各种湿地类型在草甸草原的分布比例较大,而裸滩与盐化地和裸地类型则主要分布在干旱的荒漠草原区;3个草原区的湖泊-湿地复合体的结构存在明显差异;非地带性的湖泊-湿地复合体的植被覆盖状况带有区域气候影响的烙印,草甸草原区湖泊-湿地复合体的同种斑块类型NDVI值高于典型草原区,而荒漠草原区的NDVI值最低。

Based on field surveys,we analyzed TM image of the Xilinguole grasslands in 2006 by using Arcgis software.We divided the studied lake-wetland which area is more than 5km2 into seven kinds of land use cover types as lake,marsh water,nudation,nude beach and land reclamation,lakeshore wetland,typical wetland,the zonal grassland.So that we could reveal the structure change regular of lake-wetland complexes from different grassland region in Xilinguole.The results showed that：within the scope of Xilinguole grasslands,the lakes extremely concentrated in the typical steppe;Various types of wetlands distributed in typical steppe take larger proportion;For the nudation and nude beach land,nudation is mainly distributed in dry desert steppe;The structure of the lake-wetland complexes existed obvious differences in three grassland area;The non-zonal vegetation coverage condition of lakes-wetland complexes are affected by the regional climate,plaques NDVI value of lake-wetlands in the meadow steppe is higher than that in typical steppe,but the NDVI value is the lowest in desert steppe.