胡塞尔的科学观研究

Study on Husserl's Views About Science

现象学的创始人胡塞尔在《欧洲科学危机和超验现象学》一书中集中阐述了他的科学观。胡塞尔认为自然科学为自己提出的任务和研究方法是不可靠的,因而缺乏真正的科学性。他对此的解释是,自然科学不但丧失了自明性的直接来源——生活世界的意义,而且正因为这种丧失,导致自然科学彻底忘却了自明性的最终来源——人的超验意识。深入研究胡塞尔的科学观,能够使我们认清自然科学的本质,看到自然科学的局限性,有效地抵制科学至上主义和物质至上主义;也有助于我们恢复对理性主义的信仰,并且在这种理性主义的指导下认真思考和实践人类生活的真正目的和意义。

Husserl,the founder of phenomenology,gives a concentrated elaboration on his views about science in The Crisis of European Science and Transcendental Phenomenology.Husserl holds that natural science is not really scientific because of its unreliable tasks and research methodology.His explanation of this is that natural science not only loses the direct source of self-evidence,i.e.,the significance of life-world,but also because of this loss,completely forgets the ultimate source of self-evidence,i.e.,transcendental consciousness.A thorough study on Husserl＇s views about science helps us recognize the essence and limitations of natural science,and effectively resist science supremacy and material supremacy.Moreover,it helps restore our belief in rationalism and we will,under its guidance,carefully think about and manage to achieve the real goals of human life.