不同铵硝比对3种野菜生长和安全及营养品质的影响

Effect of different nitrogen forms on the growth and quality of different potherbs

采用水培试验,研究了在等氮(12 mmol/L)条件下不同铵硝比对富贵菜、人参菜、紫背菜3种野菜的生长、安全和品质的影响。结果表明:①随着铵态氮的降低,3种野菜地上部鲜重呈逐渐增加的趋势。富贵菜、人参菜在铵硝比为25∶75时鲜重达最大值,紫背菜在铵硝比为0∶100时鲜重达最大值,人参菜、紫背菜在铵硝比为25∶75时干重达最大值,富贵菜在铵硝比为0∶100时干重达最大值。②不同铵硝比显著影响野菜茎叶中硝酸盐的含量。随着铵态氮的降低,3种野菜茎叶中的硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐含量逐渐增加,适当增施铵态氮有利于降低野菜中硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐的含量。③3种野菜在铵硝比75∶25和50∶50两种处理下,V-C、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质含量均处于较高水平。

Effects of different nitrogen forms on the growth and quality of the three potherbs including Gynuradivaricata （L.） DC., Talinum paniculatum （Jacq.） Gaert. and Gynurabicolor（ROXB.）DC was studied under solution culture with optimal nitrogen concentration （12 mmol/L）. The main results are as follows： @The flesh weight of shoot of the three potherbs increases gradually with the decrease of the ratio of NH4＋ ： NO3- under the condition of optimal nitrogen concentration. When the ratio of NH4＋ ： NO3-is 25 ： 75, the maximum flesh weight is obtained for Gynuradivaricata and Talinum paniculatum, and the maximum fresh weight is obtained for Gynurabicolor when the ratio of NH4＋ ： NO3- is 0 ： 100. The maximum dry weight is obtained for Talinum paniculatum and Gynurabicolor when the the ratio of NH4＋ ： NO3 ratio is 25 ： 75, and the maximum dry weight is obtained for Gynuradivaricata when ratio ofNH4＋ ： NO3 is 0 ： 100. The contents of nitrate and nitrite of the three potherbs increase dramatically and the total amount of flee amino acids decreases with the decrease of the ratio of NH4＋ ： NO3 . As a result, appropriate increase of ammonium application would benefit the decrease of the content of nitrate in potherbs. @The content of V-C, soluble sugar and soluble protein are in high level when the the ratio of NH4＋ ： NO3 is 75 ： 25 or 50 ： 50.