应用型本科教育社会需求导向论

A Study on Taking Social Demand as Guidance for Application-Oriented Undergraduate Education

应用型本科教育是专业教育,其办学价值取向应以社会需求为导向。以就业为导向的思想过分强调市场经济条件下经济发展对人才需求的社会逻辑,忽视了大学自身发展的逻辑,因而是应用型本科教育社会价值取向的悖论,已经给教育实践带来诸多不利影响。"以社会需求为导向"的实践意蕴在于战略性地设置专业,确定人才培养目标,科学设计专业口径,以"不变"应人才市场的"万变",加强综合能力培养,提升就业弹性和适应能力。

Application--oriented undergraduate education is specialty education which should ＂take social demand as guidance＂ in terms of school - running value. The idea of ＂employment as orientation＂ overemphasizes the social logic of demanding for talents under the economic development in market economy, and neglects the logic of development of universities themselves. Therefore, employment as orientation is the paradox of application oriented undergraduate education in the aspect of social values, which has already led to many adverse effects for educational practice. The practical meaning of ＂taking social demand as guidance＂ lies in that universities should set up majors strategically and identify talents training objectives, design major requirements scientifically and cope with capricious talent market by maintaining the status quo, and strengthen educating comprehensive abilities while enhancing the flexibility of employment and adaptability.