增强的UV-B辐射对19种植物花粉萌发率及花粉管生长的影响

Effects of Enhanced UV B Radiation on Pollen Germination and Pollen Tube Growth in 19 Plant Species in vitro

模拟兰州地区夏季晴天无云时平流层臭氧层减薄８ ％ 和１２ ％ 之后地表ＵＶＢ辐射的增强，研究了辐射处理１ ｈ 对１９ 种植物花粉在离体条件下固体培养基上萌发率及花粉管生长的影响．结果表明，与对照相比，增强的ＵＶＢ辐射显著地抑制多数植物的花粉萌发率（１３／１９ 种） 和花粉管长度（９／１９ 种），并呈现强度负相关关系．隶棠花的花粉萌发率受到ＵＶＢ辐射的促进．二核花粉比三核花粉对ＵＶＢ敏感，说明植物对ＵＶＢ辐射的反应存在种间差异性．由此可以推测，增强的ＵＶＢ辐射对花粉萌发率及花粉管生长的抑制作用将会产生严重的生物学和生态学后果．

Effects of enhanced UV B radiation on pollen germination and tube growth of 19 plant species in vitro were studied by simulating the reduced stratospheric ozone layer of 8% and 12% in Lanzhou on clear summer days. The results showed that pollen germination and tube elongation of most plants were significantly susceptible to enhanced UV B radiation as compared with the control (no UV B radiation). Enhanced UV B radiation reduced obviously the pollen germination in 13 of 19 plants and inhibited pollen type growth in 9 species. The higher UV B caused a greater inhibitory effect. Pollen germination in Kerria japonica. (Rosaceae) was stimulated by increased UV B irradiation. Trinucleate pollen was lower in sensitivity than binucleate pollens. This suggested that the interspecific difference of pollen responses to UV B stress was existed. These inhibitory effects of increased UV B radiation may lead to serious biological and ecological consequence.