氨硼烷基化学储氢材料

Ammonia borane-based chemical hydrogen storage materials

自20世纪50年代中期氨硼烷(AB)第一次被制备出来后,AB及其相关化合物受到了储氢材料研究者越来越广泛的关注。从AB的制备、结构及热分解性能出发,阐述包括水解、将AB置入多孔硅中改善反应环境、金属替代的化学激活等诸多改善AB的放氢性能的方法,并指出了它们的优缺点。接着对大家共同关心的AB的再生可行性问题进行了探讨。指出金属替代的化学激活方法形成的金属氨硼烷化合物具有优异的放氢性能。其在较低温度下具有较高的放氢容量,放氢反应过程中无挥发性的气体副产物,整个放氢反应过程几乎是热中性。AB及其相关化合物的这些优势使其成为潜在的颇具实际应用价值的储氢材料之一。

Ammonia borane（AB） and AB-based compounds have received extensive attention as potential hydrogen storage materials since its first preparation in the middle of 1950＇s.In this paper,starting from the preparation,structure and thermal decomposition of AB,we present several different methods promoting hydrogen release from AB：catalytic dehydrocoupling by using transition metal catalysts,acids and ionic liquids;catalytic hydrolysis;AB nanocomposites;chemial activation by the substitution of metal atom for protonic hydrogen.It is evident that metal amodoborane compounds provide a new class of hydrogen storage materials with great potential for on-board application due to their high hydrogen release under a mild condition,no volatile gas products and thermoneutrality in the dehydrogenation process.The probability of the regeneration of AB is discussed as well.