牛膝种子质量研究

Study on seed quality of Achyranthes bidentata

目的:分析不同来源牛膝种子质量,初步制定牛膝种子质量分级标准。方法:种子重测定应用百粒重法,双层滤纸法测定了种子发芽率,高温烘干法测定了种子水分含量,种子净度分析采用GB/T3543.3——"农作物种子检验规程"执行。对8份通过初步分级的牛膝种子设计了田间试验小区种植。结果:33份牛膝种子的千粒重在0.69～3.54 g,变异系数24.83%;发芽率在19.02%～99%,变异系数38.24%;种子水分含量和净度变异较小。聚类分析表明,对牛膝种子分级影响最主要的是种子发芽率,并将33份种子分为三级,一级23份,二级和三级各5份。8份不同级别种子田间植株生长及产量性状表现明显差异。结论:牛膝种子质量差异较大,对药材市场的种子进行分级管理很有必要,种植前进行简单的发芽率测定是进行生产管理的有效方法。

Objective： To study the seed quality of Achyranthes bidentata from different sources and establish a standard of seed quality grading. Method： Seed weight and moisture content determination, germination test, purity analysis were carried out by 100 grains method, high-temperature drying, double deck filter paper and GB/T354. 3-Seed Testing for Crops methods respectively. Eight collections were planted in several field plots. Result： The 1 000 grains weight of 33 collections is 0.69 to 3.54 g with a variance coefficient 24. 83%, the germination rate between 19.02% to 99% with a variance coefficient 38.24%. Seed moisture content and pu- rity showed no significantly difference. K-means cluster analysis showed that 33 collections were divided into 3 grades： the first grade including 23 collections, the second and third grade including 5 collections respectively. Eight collections showed different field growth and yield characters. Conclusion： There are significant differences in seed quality of A. bidentata, so the classification management is needed in medicinal materials market. Germination test is an effective method before cultivating.