国外音乐偏好影响因素和理论模式研究综述

A Review of Research on the Variables Influencing Music Preference and the Music Preference Models

音乐偏好是欣赏者在两种以上的音乐作品或要素中所做出的立即性的且不涉及认知或美感判断的主观喜好选择。近年来,国外较有影响的音乐偏好研究的理论模式主要有层级模式、刺猬行为理论模式、相互反应模式等。研究发现,熟悉度(重复聆听)、音乐特征、学生特征、社会因素和教师因素等是影响音乐偏好的主要因素。

Music preference is an instant and subjective choice made by listners at a given point in time between two or more music pieces or elements without his or her cognitive or aesthetic awareness involved.In recent years,several theoretical models related to music preference have been developed,such as the model of listening preference that was based upon a hierarchical structure of variables that influence musical preference,the ＂hedgehog＂ theory which addresses the relationship between complexity and preference,and the eciprocal feedback model of musical response.Research studies indicate that musical preference is affected by several factors,including familiarity,musical characteristics,student characteristics,tacher characteristics,and social influences.