北京市平谷区农村居民点整理类型与优先度评判

Evaluation of rural residential land consolidation classification and priority of Pinggu district in Beijing

农村居民点整理类型与整理区优先度划分是土地综合整治规划的基础。该文以北京市平谷区为例,基于区域自然环境和社会经济主导因素的考虑,通过多因素限制性分析与综合适宜性评价,划分了农村居民地整理类型;利用农用地分等成果,采用邻域替代法和GIS缓冲识别功能,分析了农村居民点整理后耕地质量等级;在此基础上,利用互斥性矩阵分类法评价了农村居民点整理的时空优先度。结果表明,平谷区农村居民点整理应以规避生态风险、保障粮食安全和促进城乡统筹发展为主导思想;近期优先整理Ⅰ级区和Ⅱ级区,以农村居民点城镇化和迁村并点为整理重点;中期和远期适当整理Ⅲ级区和Ⅳ级区,以农村居民点内部挖潜及其周边中低产田改造为整理重点;不整理区为Ⅴ级区,应给予适度的发展空间。该研究尝试将农用地分等成果应用于农村居民点整理,研究结果可为区域土地综合整治规划编制和新农村建设实践提供科学依据。

Delineating rural residential land consolidation classification and the degree of priority zones is the basic work for land consolidation planning.Taking Pinggu district in Beijing as an example,the key factors were chosen for rural residential land consolidation classifying considering natural-environmental and socio-economic condition,and the rural residential areas were divided into 6 types by multi-factor limiting analysis and comprehensive suitability evaluation.Then,based on the farmland classification results,with the help of neighborhood-substitution method and buffer-recognition function of GIS,the potential of the supplying cultivated land grade in Pinggu was calculated.Furthermore,using cluster analysis method,the scheduling and layout of rural residential land consolidation were investigated.The results showed that the key point of rural residential land consolidation in Pinggu district should be eliminating ecological risks,advancing the overall development of rural cities and rural areas,ensuring the grain security.TheⅠandⅡclass rural residential land consolidated zones should be the priority areas in the near future,which will take the leading trend towards rural urbanization and village relocation;the Ⅲ and Ⅳ class rural residential land consolidated zones should be the suitable region in the medium and long term,which should be focused on collecting internal rural land and upgrading low-and medium-yield farmland surrounding village;and there was no need to consolidate the rural residential land in theⅤclass zone.The theory and results of the farmland gradation was tried to apply to rural residential land consolidation research,and the results can provide scientific instructions for land consolidation planning and new rural communities construction practice.