容量限制停车场收费管理

Parking fee management with capacity constrained park lots

提出一种停车场容量限制条件下的停车收费管理方法,通过对不同停车场收取差异的停车费,最大限度地利用每个停车场的容量,同时避免过量的小汽车出行导致无法停车.从出行者的时间价值(VOT)出发,分析不同出行者对交通方式、停车场选择做出的相应决策.建立有容量限制停车场的超网络,计算网络均衡状态下最大限度利用停车场容量的停车收费价格.假设出行者的时间价值服从连续型分布,在此基础上得到网络交通流平衡状态下出行总成本与时间价值的函数关系,由此提出一种求解停车收费最优定价的算法.通过算例对求解方法进行说明,结果显示,这种最优定价算法是可行的.

A new method of parking fee management is proposed under the condition of capacity constrained parking lots,the capacities of all parking lots are fully used by charging differentiated parking fees,meanwhile excessive trips via private cars are avoided to prevent illegal parking.In accordance with the values of time（VOT） of individual travelers,the decision of mode and parking lot choices for different travelers is investigated.The super network with capacity constrained parking lots is established,and the parking fee scheme that assures the maximal use of parking lots is proposed.In this paper,it is assumed that traveler＇s value of time follows continuous distribution,based on which the function of generalized travel cost with respect to VOT is obtained under the network equilibrium condition,thus an algorithm of determining optimal parking fees is proposed.A numerical example is illustrated and it is shown that the method is effective.