石漠化土地固碳潜力分析——以贵州为例

Analysis on carbon fixation potentiality of rocky desert land——A case in Guizhou

以中国南方石漠化最为严重的贵州省为主要研究对象,选取其中五个有典型代表性的石漠化综合治理小流域为研究区,以70个典型样地实地监测数据为基础,测算了目前贵州石漠化土地的碳储量并分别预测了短期（20年）和长期（50年）内的固碳潜力。数据表明：2006年全省石漠化土地总碳储量达12 627~20 418万t碳,其中潜在和轻度石漠化的碳储量最高,占总碳储量的80%以上,是石漠化生态系统中主要的碳库;通过石漠化综合治理,预计20年后会有22 655万t二氧化碳得到固定,而50年后固碳量将翻一番,达到42 708万t;贵州全省石漠化土地年均固碳量达8.55~11.34×106t,可消除全区42%的工业二氧化碳排放量,有助于贵州工业二氧化碳＂零排放＂目标的实现。尽管石漠化生态系统有巨大的固碳潜力,但在石漠化综合治理规划中对碳汇功能缺乏充分的重视,有必要在＂十二五＂石漠化综合治理规划中在更高的水平上重新考量石漠化的碳汇功能。

Five blocks of typical rocky desert in the most serious rocky desertification region in South China,Guizhou Province,are selected as the research object in the paper.The present carbon reserves in the rocky desert land in Guizhou is estimated and the carbon fixation potentialities within 20 years and 60 years are forecast with monitoring data on the spot in 70 typical sample plots.The data show that the total carbon storage in rocky desertification area add up to 126.27~204.18×106 ton in 2006,and the potential and slight rocky desertification land is the main carbon tank,where accounting for more than 80% of the total carbon storage;through comprehensive eco-treatment,about 226.55×106 ton CO2 will be fixed in 20 years,and the amount will double in the following 50 years,reaching 427.08×106 ton CO2.The annual carbon fixation capacity for desertification land is up to（8.55~11.34）×106 t in Guizhou Province,which can offset 42% industry carbon emission of the whole province.Thus rocky desertification control is helpful to achieve the goal of carbon zero emission.So it is necessary to reconsider the carbon convergent function of rocky deserts control in the forthcoming comprehensive eco-treatment during ＂the 12th Five-Year Plan＂.