本土生态知识的推广与共享——以我国干旱、半干旱地区砂田的扩大利用为例

On the Expanding and Mutual Sharing of Indigenous Ecological——Taking the Expanded Utilization of Sandy Field in China's Arid Regions and Semi-Arid Regions as an Example

在华北平原频繁遭受水资源匮乏威胁的今天,在黄土高原西部普遍推行节水农业,成了社会经济发展的首选手段。当地回族、汉族、撒拉族、保安族拥有一整套砂田种植农耕体制,能在年降雨量低于300毫米的干旱背景下实现农作物的高产,还兼具生态维护的成效。但由于社会文化背景的变迁,砂田农耕体制面临严重的推广和共享难题。对此,笔者认为应改善社会背景条件,支持砂田农耕这种多民族共享的本土生态知识推广,以便为缓解黄河下游水荒做出积极的贡献。

At present, in the North China Plain, a region suffering from the threat of water shortages, the application of water-saving agriculture on the western loess plateau has become the first step toward local economic development. Some indigenous minorities, such as the Hui, Han, Sala and Baoan, employ a series of sandy-field cropping systems which make possible not only the production of high-yielding crop varieties, even with an annual rain^all of 300 millimeters, but also the maintenance of ecological balance. Nevertheless, due to sociocultural changes, sandy-field cropping systems have been facing severe obstacles against expanding and mutual sharing. Thus, this paper considers that there is a need to improve social background conditions in order to support sandy-field cropping systems which enable multiple minorities and, through sharing and to expanding indigenous ecological knowledge, to make a significant contribution toward alleviating the Lower Yellow River＇s water shortage.