企业银行商务活动视角下的城市CBD集聚机制——以广州市某企业银行为例

Spatial Configuration of Business Activities of Banking: A Case Study of a Cooperate Bank in Guangzhou

以广州天河北CBD某企业银行为例,通过收集其客户资料和短期贷款业务信息,结合深度访谈,分析该企业银行的基本情况、与客户的商务活动强度及其商务活动空间形态,并从银行业的空间行为机制等微观角度解释其成因,探讨商务产业的空间形态与微观行为机制对CBD发展演变的影响。研究表明,在宏观层面,银行客户和业务联系的分布总体上存在一定的空间递减规律,但也受地区经济发展水平、聚集经济区位以及银行自身的业务定位和市场开拓等的影响;在微观层面,银行业的商务活动在CBD内部高度集聚,其成因除了受以往分析的聚集经济作用外,还与银行业的业务模式密切相关。将银行业业务模式划分为与客户的商务活动联系模式和与辅助性生产性服务业商务活动联系模式两大类,前者的一对多业务模式和后者的客户媒介模式是促成CBD中以银行业为首的商务集聚的主要内在机制之一。具体而言,面对面业务的需求是CBD商务产业集聚的主要原因之一,多机构或多部门的协作要求,形成协作网络是产业集聚的另一重要原因,银行在CBD商务集聚中扮演着重要的角色。

Orthodox studies on CBD are mainly based on official statistics while insufficient attention has been paid to the micro-mechanism within CBD. Especially, rarely do researchers address the features of the business activities within CBD and the impact of these activities on the formation of CBD and how the mechanism works. This paper takes a corporate bank in Tianhebei CBD Guangzhou as an example to analyze its business activities spatial patterns. Moreover, it explains why such spatial patterns form by spelling out the spatial behavior mechanism of banking industry and discusses how the spatial patterns of business industries and their micro-behavior-mechanism influence the evolution of CBD. In this way, it aims to provide reference for guiding the beneficial reciprocal development between urban business industries and CBD. The case study suggests that the number of clients and frequency of business connections diminish as the distance from the bank increases though the economic development level and the effect of agglomeration also exerts impact and therefore there might be fluctuation on the curve. The analysis also finds that the business activities of banking industries are highly concentrated within CBD at micro level. Besides the most-mentioned cause -agglomeration economy effect, it is argued that the business mode of banking industry is also relevant to a great extent. The paper concludes that the needs of business activities connections and the cooperation among various supporting business industries are the two important factors contributing to the concentration of business industries in CBD.