基于RS和GIS的区域人类活动强度空间模拟

Spatial Simulation of Human Activity Intensity Based on RS and GIS

人类活动强度的定量化和空间化是研究人类活动对生态环境影响的重点和难点,传统的统计方法难以实现空间定量化,而忽略社会经济统计数据的空间模拟方法获得的人类活动强度也存在缺陷。文中基于遥感、交通、地形和统计数据,探讨了综合应用统计、遥感和GIS方法模拟区域人类活动强度的方法,并应用该方法对衡阳盆地人类活动强度进行了模拟。定性分析结果表明,该方法能够较准确地获取区域人类活动强度空间分布。

Quantification and spatialization of human activity intensity are the key and difficult problems in geography, ecology and resource science. There are two kinds of ways to resolve the problems, the first is based on the statistic data and uses statistical method, and the other is based on geographical information data such as traffic data and uses spatial analysis method, but no satisfying result is obtained from those methods. A new method that combines statistic method and GIS spatial analysis method is proposed, and is used to simulate the spatial distribution of human activity intensity of Hengyang basin in Hunan Province. The results are validated by qualitative analysis. It is shown that （1） there are two regions of high industrial activity intensity, the first is the urban area of Hengyang and the other is the west-east band composed of Qidong, Changning and Leiyang, that is consistent with the distribution of population and industry, （2） the agricultural activity intensity decreases from northwest to southeast and that is consistent with the distribution of agricultural population and agricultural productivity, （3） the high traffic activity intensity areas are located along the national and provincial highways and that is consistent with the distribution of traffic network of Hengyang, （4） the total human activity intensity in the studied area is low, but the regional difference is obvious, the maximum value area is located in urban region of Hengyang and its surroundings, while the minimum in Hengdong, that is in accord with regional difference of economy and society.