江西信江盆地丹霞地貌形成机制分析

A Study on Genesis of Danxia Landforms in the Xinjiang Basin,Jiangxi

信江盆地是我国丹霞地貌发育最典型的区域之一。由于影响丹霞地貌演化的成景系统诸要素具有不同特征,信江盆地内不同部位丹霞地貌经历了不同的演化进程,不同发育阶段的丹霞地貌在盆地内成带状分布。盆地边缘由于受红层岩性、断裂构造及信江支流等因素影响,地表剥蚀速率快,丹霞地貌演化已步入壮年晚期至老年早期阶段,以丹霞石林、峰林、峰丛、崖壁以及各种类型的造型石为特征;盆地中部虽然断裂构造发育程度较弱,但受信江流水侵蚀,丹霞地貌演化也步入青年期至壮年早期阶段,以低矮的圆丘状丹霞石峰及岩洞为特征;而中部过渡地带,由于构造、水系发育均较弱,地貌演化速率慢,丹霞地貌演化处于幼年期至青年早期阶段,以石寨、巷谷、岩崖等景观为特征。

The Xinjiang Basin is one of the typical areas in China where develop typical Danxia landforms.As different factors of landscape genesis system in different places in the basin have different features,Danxia landforms in different places have undergone various evolution histories,and the distribution of the landforms in different evolution stages present zonal feature.In the fringes of the basin,affected by rock lithology,boundary faults and branches of the Xinjiang river,the surface erosion rate is the highest,the Danxia Landforms evolved quickly and now they have been in their late mature to early old stage and are characterized by stone forests,peak forests,peak clusters,cliffs and different shaped rocks.In the interior of the basin,although the development level of fractures is weaker,and the Danxia landforms are in their young to mature stage,as affected by water erosion of the Xinjiang River.In the areas between the fringe and the interior,the influence of margin faults and the development of drainage are all weaker,the tempo of evolution of the landforms is the lowest and the landforms are in their infancy to early young stage and characterized by mesa,narrow valley,and stone cliff,etc.