1988―2008年珠海市滨海湿地景观格局演变

Evolvement of Landscape Pattern of the Coastal Wetland in Zhuhai during 1988-2008

以珠海市1988、1998和2008年3期TM影像为基础数据,在RS和GIS技术支持下,运用土地利用转移矩阵和景观格局指数模型,对珠海市滨海湿地20年间景观格局的动态变化过程进行定量分析。结果表明:①珠海滨海湿地以浅海水域和水田景观为主导景观类型;②20年间滨海湿地景观面积随时间推移呈显著减少趋势,共有14 688.84 hm2滨海湿地流失,以水田景观和浅海水域景观减少最为明显。③湿地与建设用地、农用地以及湿地内部景观类型之间的动态转化频繁,突出表现为建设占用湿地、水田与其它农用地的相互转化以及浅海水域转化为河流和养殖水面。④20年间研究区湿地景观破碎化程度加剧,景观形状趋于复杂,内部聚合程度减弱,分布趋于分散,景观异质性上升。

With the Landsat TM images of Zhuhai in 1988,1998 and 2008,the dynamic changes of the coastal wetland landscape pattern were studied by using the model of land use transition matrix and landscape pattern index by means of RS and GIS technology.The results show that：（1）The shallow waters and paddy field were the two main wetland landscape types in the studied area;（2）The total area of coastal wetland landscapes reduced obviously from 177580.66hm2 to 162891.82hm2 in the past twenty years.The dynamic changes of the wetland landscapes were very significant,in which the decrease of paddy fields and shallow waters was the most evident;（3）There were frequent transitions between different types of wetland,and between wetland and non-wetland landscape types,mainly the transition between paddy fields and other farmlands,that from wetland to construction land,and that from shallow waters to aquiculture areas and rivers;（4）The fragmentation degree and heterogeneity of coastal wetland landscapes in the studied area were gradually increased and the landscape shape tended to be more complex from 1988 to 2008 with the increase of human activity affection.Meanwhile,the coastal wetland landscapes showed the characteristics of scattered distribution,