舰艇病媒生物风险评估与对策探讨

Risk analysis and management for vectors on naval vessels

目的应用风险分析理论原理,对舰艇病媒生物风险进行评估,提出风险管理对策。方法构建了舰艇病媒生物风险评估体系及指标评判参考,依此对舰艇病媒生物风险现状进行评估。结果影响舰艇病媒性传染病风险的因素应包括生物学、地域、行政因素在内的24个主要因子。使用定性法评估显示,除尘螨外,舰艇环境中的病媒生物都存在不同程度的风险,其中鼠类及其体表寄生的蚤、螨类风险性很大。结论通过健全舰艇病媒生物管理控制相关法规与标准化,建立舰艇病媒生物及其传染病的技术支援平台,加强舰艇病媒生物综合防制技术措施研究等风险管理技术可降低其风险性。

Objective To measure the risk of vectors may pose on naval vessels and provide evidence for the development of risk management strategies. Methods A risk assessment system and relevant indicators were established to measure the risk of vectors on naval vessels. Results Twenty-four factors were found to play a role in the transmission of vector-borne diseases, including biological, geographical and administrative factors. Qualitative analysis showed different degrees of risks associated with all the vectors in this environment, particularly parasitic fleas and mites on rodents. Conclusion Risks can be reduced by improving risk management and control regulations and standards, establishing a technical support platform, and improving comprehensive control methods.