空间桁架结构采用黏弹性阻尼的振动控制技术

Passive Vibration Control of Space Truss Structure with Viscoelastic Dampers

航天器空间桁架结构在太空特殊物理环境下的振动控制问题是航天技术中的一大难题,为探讨阻尼被动控制技术的有效程度。首先从理论上分析黏弹性材料(VEM)的阻尼作用机理,由此设计一种双夹层圆柱式黏弹性阻尼器(VED),研究VED阻尼杆在桁架中的最佳位置配置问题,并推导阻尼桁架结构的动力学方程,结合VEM的阻尼特性分析结构的动态品质。最后以一字型桁架为例,对VED阻尼被动控制效果进行仿真分析,结果显示在共振区内桁架的振幅衰减达35%,可取得良好的控制效果。

For the special physical environment of the space,the vibration control of space truss structure（STS）of spacecrafts is an important problem in aerospace technology.Passive damping control technology provides a good way for solving this vibration control problem.In this paper,a double layer cylindrical viscoelastic damper（VED）is designed on the base of theoretical analysis of the damping mechanism of viscoelastic material（VEM）.Then the optimal placement of the viscoelastic damping rod is determined,and the dynamic equation of STS is derived.Furthermore,the dynamic quality of the truss structure is analyzed with the consideration of the damping characteristics of VEM.Taking a truss with a straight configuration as an example,the control effect of VED passive damping control is simulated.Numerical result shows that the amplitude of vibration in the resonance region is attenuated by 35%,and this VED has a good control effect.