资料同化技术的发展及其在海洋科学中的应用

Development of data assimilation and its application in ocean science

回顾了资料同化技术,特别是基于最优控制和统计估计这两大理论基础发展起来的几种资料同化方法的研究进展,以及这些方法在海洋科学研究中的应用现状。可以看到,由于海洋观测资料(如地转海洋学实时观测阵(Array for Real-time Geostrophic Oceanography,Argo)、热带大气海洋阵列(Tropical Atmosphere/Ocean array,TAO)、抛弃式温度深度仪(Expendable Bathythermograph,XBT)、温盐深仪(Conductance-Temperature-Depth,CTD)、海洋表层温度(Sea Surface Temperaturem,SST)、海面高度等(Sea Surface Height,SSH),存在种类繁多,且量大、均一性差等特点,资料同化技术面临种种挑战;同时,随着海洋科学的发展,无论是海洋数值预报精度的提高、海洋数据产品的开发,还是对物理海洋现象的细致描述和深化认识,也都离不开资料同化技术的进一步发展。

Development of data assimilation techniques,especially those based on two major theories of optimal control and statistical estimation,and their application status in the study of ocean sciences are reviewed in this paper.It can be seen that owing to the grate variety,huge amount and poor uniformity of the ocean observation data such as Argo（Array for Real-time Geostrophic Oceanography）,TAO（Tropical Atmosphere/Ocean array）,XBT（Expendable Bathythermograph）,CTD（Conductance-Temperature-Depth）,SST（Sea Surface Temperature）and sea surface height etc.,and data assimilation techniques are facing various challenges.With the development of ocean science,the improvement of ocean numerical prediction accuracy,development of physical data products,and detailed description or deepened understanding of physical phenomenon can not be achieved without further development of data assimilation techniques.