自然树生长竞争算法在树形线天线设计中的应用

Application of Tree Growth Competition Algorithm in Automated Design of Tree-Shaped Line Antenna

针对遗传算法优化树形线天线存在搜索时间过长且难以得到满意结果,提出了将自然树生长竞争算法应用于树形线天线的设计。基于其基本原理,定义了用于树形线天线生成的阳光适应度函数、营养因子、遮挡因子,建立了模拟自然树生长的竞争模型。利用该模型结合天线数值建模方法时域有限差分法,开发了树形线天线自动设计系统。针对端射、高增益、宽带等要求,利用该系统设计出中心频率在2.45 GHz、同轴馈电方式的一种新型树形线天线,并进行了仿真。该天线的辐射模式为端射,增益达7.35 dBi,相对带宽达4.56%。结果表明此设计方法比相同反射板的传统单极子天线具有较高的增益和带宽,也验证了该算法的可行性和有效性。

The searching time was too long and it＇s hard to obtain a satisfactory result in the process of the tree-shaped line antenna optimized by genetic algorithm.To solve the problem,Competition Algorithm（TGCA） was applied in the design of tree-shaped line antenna.Function of sunlight fitness,nutrition factor and shading factor were defined and the competitive model of simulating tree growth was built up.Combined with antenna modeling program of Finite Difference Time Domain,a software package was developed for automated design of tree-shaped line antenna.Considering the requirements of end fire,high gain and broad band,a kind of tree-shaped line antenna of coaxial feed model was designed and simulated at the center frequency of 2.45 GHz.Its radiation was end-fire mode with the gain of 7.35 dBi and the bandwidth of 4.56 %.Simulation results show that its directive gain is higher than that of the traditional dipole antenna with a reflector of the same size,which also prove that the algorithm is feasible and effective.