基于高分辨率遥感影像的矿山开发监测研究

Mine Development Monitoring Based on High-resolution Remote Sensing Images

矿产资源是一种不可再生的自然资源,传统的矿山监测方法已不再满足当今矿山发展的需要,遥感技术的发展为矿山的开发和管理提供了有力的技术支撑。文中以国土资源部整顿和规范矿产资源开发秩序的重点矿区——宜昌磷矿区为研究区,通过对QuickBird高分辨率遥感影像进行数据处理,分析矿山开发的标志地物并建立解译标志,将解译结果进行野外调查验证,得出该研究区矿山种类共有11类,优势矿种是磷矿,有221个开采点或开采面,其中界内开采159个,越界开采17个,无证开采28个,以采代探17个,停产或关闭76个。将解译结果和历年参考数据进行对比显示,宜昌磷矿区矿山开发秩序良好,矿山数量有所减少,但界外开采和以采代探的情况仍然存在,需要进一步加强对研究区矿山的监管,以保证矿山的可持续发展。

Mineral resources are non-renewable natural resources; the development of remote sensing technology provides a strong technical support for the mine development and management. In this paper, Yichang phosphorite area is selected as the study area which is a key mining area of being rectified and standardized by the Ministry of Land and Natural Resources, and QuickBird high-resolution remote sensing image acquired on November 17, 2009 is used to interpret the situation of mine development. Combined with the field examination, the interpretation results reveal that there are 11 categories of mines and 221 exploit points in the study area, where dominant mineral is phosphorite, and there are 159 mines within the mining sector, 17 cross-border exploitation mines, 28 undocumented exploitation mines, 17 exploiting on behalf of mining mines, and 76 discontinued or closed mines. Comparison between interpretation results and calendar year figures data show that mine management of Yichang phosphorite area has achieved some success, number of mines has decreased, but mines outside the mining sector and exploiting on behalf of mining mines are yet exist.