职业体育联赛竞争平衡评价的视角与方法研究

Research on Perspective and Method of Competitive Balance Evaluation in Professional Sports League

职业体育联赛静态竞争平衡只关注单赛季的竞争平衡情况,动态竞争平衡更多的关注赛季之间球队的排名变化情况,在评价视角上存在一定的区别,如果只从静态或动态并不能全面反映联赛的竞争平衡情况,所以,竞争平衡评价应该从静态和动态两种视角进行。静态竞争平衡的评价采用惊喜指数的方法更加关注弱队的竞争平衡情况,动态评价采用肯德尔等级相关系数更多关注球队赛季之间的排名变化情况,这两种评价方法的选择相对传统竞争平衡评价方法更加全面。

The static competitive balance in the Professional Football Association Super League only focuses on the static competitive balance in a single season, while the dynamic competitive balance concerns more about the ranking of football teams in different seasons. There is certainly difference between the two indicators from the evaluation perspective. Either the static competitive balance or the dynamic competitive balance can not fully reflect the competitive balance in the league. Thus, both indicators should be used to evaluate the competitive balance. Comparing with the conventional methods for the evaluation of competitive balance, the combination of two methods, static competitive balance using Surprise index and dynamic competitive balance using Kendall＇ s rank correlation coefficient tau, is shown to be more comprehensive.