中国螯虾科虾类(克氏原螯虾和东北螯虾)形态差异及判别分析

Morphological Variations Analysis of the Genus Cambaridae(Procambarus clarkii and Cambaroides dauricus) in China

运用2种多元统计方法,对江苏地区克氏原螯虾群体和黑龙江地区东北螯虾群体的13个形态比例参数进行比较研究。结果显示:在主成分分析中,雌性群体贡献率分别是主成分1为62.104%、主成分2为14.201%、主成分3为7.959%,累积贡献率为84.264%,而雄性群体贡献率分别是主成分1为77.960%、主成分2为7.837%,累积贡献率为85.797%,其种间形态差异主要取决于躯体不同部位长度和宽度的性状。判别分析中,雌体判别准确率P1为100.0%,P2为100.0%,综合判别率为100.0%,雄体判别准确率P1为100.0%,判别准确率P2为100.0%,综合判别率为100.0%。该研究果表明:克氏原螯虾与东北螯虾之间已经远在亚种分类水平以上,与其传统分类学地位相一致,可以通过形态判别分析将两个虾类品种进行区分判别,进一步说明形态差异多元分析在种间鉴定中的可行性。

Morphological data of Procambarus clarkii and Cambaroides dauricus collected from Jiangsu and Heilongjiang provinces in China were analyzed.Thirteen proportions of morphological traits were measured from crayfish and the degree of morphological variation among populations by using two multivariate analyses.The results showed that：In the principal component analysis of the female populations,three principal components were constructed,the contributory ratio of the first principal component was 62.104%,the second and the third was 14.201% and 7.959%,respectively,the cumulative contributory ratio was 84.264%.However,for the male populations,two principal components were also constructed,their contributory ratios were 77.960% and 7.837%,respectively,the cumulative contributory ratio was 85.797%,and the morphological variations in different species were mostly induced by differences of different length and width in body.Discriminate analysis indicated that the identification accuracy of female was 100.0%（P 1） and 100.0%（P 2）,the total discriminate accuracy was 100.0%.The identification accuracy of male was 100.0%（P 1） and 100.0%（P 2）,the total discriminate accuracy was 100.0%.All results supported that coefficient of difference between C.dauricus and P.clarkii were characterized subspecies,which was consistent with the status of their traditional taxonomy and shows feasibility of multivariate analysis in this study.