左乙拉西坦对幼年癫痫大鼠空间学习记忆及海马胶质原纤维酸性蛋白的影响

Effects of Levetiracetam on Spatial Learning Memory and Hippocampal GFAP in Immature Rats with Temporal Epilepsy

目的:探讨左乙拉西坦(Levetiracetam,LEV)对幼年癫痫大鼠空间学习记忆及海马胶质原纤维酸性蛋白(Glia fibrillaryacidic protein,GFAP)的影响。方法:生后2周幼鼠共32只,分为4组:(1)正常对照组(NS),正常大鼠每日1次腹腔注射生理盐水(NS)2周;(2)阴性对照组(NG),正常大鼠每日1次腹腔注射LEV(150 mg/kg)2周;(3)LEV组(PILO+LEV),应用匹鲁卡品制作颞叶癫痫模型,造模后每日1次腹腔注射LEV(150 mg/kg)2周;(4)EP组(PILO+NS),癫痫造模后,每日1次腹腔注射生理盐水2周。Morris水迷宫训练后行免疫组化检测GFAP。结果:Morris水迷宫中,与EP组相比,LEV组大鼠逃避潜伏期显著缩短(P<0.05);LEV组大鼠穿越平台次数与EP组相比显著增加(P<0.05)。EP组海马齿状回GFAP免疫阳性的星形胶质细胞与LEV组相比明显增多(P<0.05)。结论:幼年大鼠癫痫发作可能与海马星形胶质细胞增生有关,LEV抗癫痫作用可能与抑制海马星形胶质细胞增生有关,LEV发挥抗癫痫作用同时,可改善癫痫大鼠的学习记忆功能,但其具体作用及机制仍需进一步探讨。

Objective： To explore the effects of levetiracetam（LEV） on GFAP in immature rats with temporal epilepsy（TE）.Methods： SD rats（n=32） aged two weeks were randomly divided into four groups.Namely,Normal group（NS＋NS）;Negative group（NS＋LEV）;LEV group（PILO＋LEV）;EP group（PILO＋NS）.LEV group and EP group were injected with 10% pilocarpine to construct the rat model of TE.Assigned to receive gastric infusion with either normal saline（EP group and Normal group） or levetiracetam（LEV group and negative group） at a dose of 150 mg/kg daily for consecutive 2 weeks.Learning and memory of the rats were evaluated with Morris water maze.Then GFAP in hippocampus of rat brains was studied by immunocytochemistry.Results： Morris water maze results showed that the search latency of LEV group was much shorter than that of EP group significantly（P0.05）.LEV group crossed the location of platform 5.67 times,which was much more than that of the EP group（P0.05）.The expression of GFAP in EP group was stronger than LEV group evidently（P0.05）.Conclusions： Immature rats with TE were possibly related to the proliferation of astrocytes.Levetiracetam may be related to the improvement of learning and memory of immature rats with TE,but its mechanisms still needs further study.