面孔识别中的构形加工与特征加工

The Role of Configural and Featural Processing in Face Recognition

面孔信息的分类方法一直复杂多样,相关研究数据丰富,但所用概念混杂。构形加工与特征加工作为使用最频繁的分类方法,其可靠性越来越受研究者们关注。从近40年来的相关文献中选择引用率高的文献做参考,遵循不同研究方法相互印证的原则分析数据,提出构形加工与特征加工的区分是面孔识别中重要并且可靠的加工类型划分,但确认两者在知觉加工上的先后关系以及在个体发展上的先后顺序尚缺乏稳定一致性的实验依据。

Configural and featural processing, two were reviewed based on literatures frequently cited conceptions and methods were discussed, and the most important processing modes in face recognition, and supported during recent 40 years. Different related findings supported both by behavioral and cognitive neuroscience researches were emphasized and systematically interpreted under a frame of dissociated facial recognition. Developmental and neurobiological studies were further reviewed to provide a robust evidence of two processing modes in facial recognition. Furthermore, the potential different levels of configural processing were proposed to explain the conflicted conclusions in the field. Whatever, the distinction between configural processing and featural processing was well supported, and these two processing pattern may be used to account for how we obtain different facial property information from one＇s faces. Still, the subcategory of configural information and the differences between conceptions such as configural, holistic, whole, and global were suggested to be explored in the future.