水土流失动态监测与评价研究现状与问题

Present Situation and Issues of the Study of Dynamic Monitoring and Evaluation of Soil and Water Loss

美国等国家已将遥感、ＧＩＳ技术广泛应用于水土流失动态监测与预报，并开发出基于物理过程的土壤侵蚀预报模型。中国在水土流失地面观测、遥感监测方面已取得许多成果，但在区域土壤侵蚀评价、预报模型开发方面，缺少系列化观测与统计数据，已有的坡面土壤侵蚀模型等在通用性、适用性方面还存在不少问题。当前急需解决的问题是建立水土流失监测与评价指标体系，开发评价模型系统。

RS and GIS techniques have been widely applied in soil and water loss dynamic monitoring and prediction in the US and other countries,and soil erosion prediction models based on its physical process have been developed.A lot of achievements in land surface observation,RS monitoring have been obtained in China,but there are some lacks of field observation and systematic statistic data in regional soil erosion evaluation and prediction model development,as well as some issues of inter changeable and suitable capabilities of slope soil erosion models.The issue needed to be solved urgently at present is to establish the index system of soil and water loss monitoring and evaluation,to develop the evaluation model system,and to build up the national soil and water conservation information system.