641例临床分离菌株对常用抗生素的耐药性分析

Drug resistance analysis on isolated strains in 641 cases for usual antibiotics

目的 了解临床分离菌株的分布及耐药性状况 ,指导临床用药。方法 应用K B法对本院感染标本中分离出的 6 4 1例菌株分别进行药敏试验 ,并以“WHONET 4”软件对试验数据进行分析处理。结果 2 2 7例葡萄球菌属中 ,金黄色葡萄球菌 (SA)占 45 .5 % ,且对万古霉素 (VA)耐药率最低为 1 3.6 % ,苯唑青霉素的耐药率最高 ( >80 % )。 41 4例革兰阴性杆菌中 ,大肠埃希氏菌占 37.7% ,对丁胺卡那的耐药率最低 ,且对第Ⅲ代头孢类抗生素的平均耐药率 <2 0 .1 %。结论 从所测的 1 4种抗生素的耐药率可见 :青霉素类的耐药率最高 ,而VA对葡萄球菌的耐药率最低 ,革兰阴性杆菌对丁胺卡那最敏感。

Objective To acquire displayment of strains apart from clinic and their resistance to antibiotics, and to instruct rational application of antibiotics clinically. Methods A total of 641 strains were collected from infection samples in our hospital during 1996～1997. Their resistance to antibiotics was tested by the method of K-B. The data from all of tests were analysed and handled with WHONET 4 software. Results The ratio of 227 staphylococcus was 45.4%.Overall resistance of SA to VA was the lowest (1.36%). Oxacillin had the highest overall resistance (over 80%). The percentage of E. Coli to total gramnegative bacilli was 37.7%, with the rate of resistance to ceftzidize being <20.1%. Drug resistance of amikacin was the lowest rate. Conclusion In 14 antibiotics, the drug resistance of penicillin was the highest rate. While the drug resistance of VA was the lowest rate in staphylococcus and in gram negative strains, the drug resistance of amikacin was the lowest rate.