7省自治区婴儿维生素K缺乏出血症的流行病学调查

An Epidemiological Study of the lnfants Haemorrhage Disease with Vitamin K Deficiency from 7 Provinces in China.

目的 了解我国儿童维生素K 缺乏出血症的发病和死亡情况。 方法 对7 省、自治区6 市8 县1996 年1 月～1997 年12 月间31 649 名婴儿进行维生素K 缺乏性出血症发病和死亡的回顾调查,并采用1∶2 病例对照的研究方法筛选发病危险因素。 结果 7 省自治区平均婴儿维生素K 缺乏出血症发病率为2 .4 ‰,病死率为30 .3 % 。母亲妊娠期服药、婴儿2 周内患病( 肝胆疾患、腹泻、肺炎等) 为危险因素;生后使用维生素K 与非母乳喂养为保护因素。 结论 婴儿维生素K 缺乏性出血症发病急、病死率高,严重危害儿童健康。在提倡母乳喂养的同时。

Objective To evaluate the infants disease of Vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) in China. Methods 31 649 neonates of 6 cities and 8 counties from 7 provinces were investigated retrospectively. Also 1∶2 matched case control study was deployed. Results The VKDB morbidity of the 7 provinces was 2.4‰ and the case fatality rate was about 30.3%. The disease of the infants in 2 weeks after birth (such as severe liver disease, diarrhea and pneumonia,et al)and drug usage in pregnancy were risk factors to VKDB. Prophylaxis of vitamin K at birth and formula fed manner are ‘protective’factors. Conclusions VKDB is so a fatal disease to neonates that vitamin K prophylaxis should be propaganded with breast feeding.