可持续安全要靠王道而非霸道--再论可持续安全战略的建构

Sustainable Security Relies on Kingcraft,not Hegemony:Re-discussion on Constructing Sustainable Security Strategy

全球治理须重视可持续安全问题。可持续安全作为一项国家安全战略,涵盖传统安全与非传统安全两大领域,包括国内长治久安与不受外部战争威胁两大方面。2011年发生的利比亚战争和日本福岛核泄漏事故,从传统安全和非传统安全两方面告诫世人:可持续安全有时比可持续发展更为重要。在全球治理进程中,世界上出现了两大潮流:一是"暴力的多边主义"的潮流,二是"和平的多边主义"的潮流。这两大潮流间相互较量的结果将决定人类社会能否实现可持续安全。近年来,"暴力的多边主义"正取代单边主义,并有扩大蔓延之势。某些发展中国家的国内矛盾激化,导致外部军事力量趁机介入,很可能为国际恐怖活动提供新的温床。同时,在传统国际关系权力结构框架之外,出现了非国家、非政府行为体与特定国家形成对抗的非传统国际格局。传统国际格局与非传统国际格局相互作用,使人类的可持续安全与可持续发展面临新形势、新挑战。作者认为,在当今世界,"暴力的多边主义"实质上是推行霸道的一种形式,难以获得可持续安全;"和平的多边主义"则是奉行王道,有可能成为实现可持续安全的良好途径。

To pursue sustainable global governance,more attentions should be paid to sustainable security issues.As a national security strategy,sustainable security involves both traditional and non-traditional security,including domestic long-term stability and external warfare threat.In 2011,the war in Libya and the nuclear accident in Fukushimawarned the world,from traditional security and non-traditional security aspects,that sometimes the sustainable security is more important than sustainable development.In the progress of global governance,there are two general trends emerged,namely'violent multilateralism'and'peaceful multilateralism'.The contest result of these two trends will determine the realization of sustainable security for human society.Recently,the 'violent multilateralism'is prevailing,spreading and replacing 'unilateralism'.The internal conflicts in some developing countries conduce to external military forces intervention.This situation is likely to provide a new breeding ground for International terrorist activities.Meanwhile,besides the traditional power structure of international relations,there is a newly emerged non-traditional international structure that the non-nation or non-government behavioral entities confront with specific countries.Due to the interactions between traditional and non-traditional international structure,the sustainable security and development of human being is in the face of the new situations and new challenges.The author believes that the 'violent multilateralism'is essentially a form of hegemony implementation.It is difficult to obtain sustainable security by adopting it,while,because of pursuing the kingcraft,the'Peaceful Multilateralism'is likely to become a proper way to achieve sustainable security.